Runner’s Knee: Understanding Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome and How to Treat It

What is Runner’s Knee?

Runner’s knee, clinically known as patellofemoral pain syndrome, refers to pain around the kneecap (patella), often caused by overuse or poor alignment of the knee joint. Despite its name, this condition doesn’t just affect runners; it can impact anyone whose physical activity involves repetitive movements that stress the knees.

The hallmark of runner’s knee is a dull pain or aching sensation in the front of the knee, especially during activities that involve bending the leg, like running, climbing stairs, or squatting.

At JIS Orthopedics, we offer diagnoses and treatment for many causes of knee pain.

Who Does Runner’s Knee Affect?

Although many runners experience this condition, it also affects other athletes and active individuals. People who participate in high-impact sports or spend a lot of time on their feet are particularly at risk. Additionally, risk factors include flat feet, muscle imbalances, weak thigh muscles, and previous knee injury.

Adolescents and young adults are especially prone to runner’s knee due to growth spurts and high levels of physical activity. It’s also more common in women, possibly due to differences in pelvic structure and muscle strength.

Causes and Risk Factors of Runner’s Knee

Runner’s knee typically stems from a combination of factors rather than a single cause. Some of the most common causes include:

• Overuse from repetitive movements like running or jumping
• Poor alignment of the thigh bone (femur) and patella
• Weak or tight muscles in the thigh and hip
• Conditions such as flat feet or knock knees

Common Symptoms of Runner’s Knee

Runner’s knee may cause the following symptoms:

• Dull pain around or behind the kneecap, especially after physical activity
• Pain that worsens when going up or down stairs
• Mild swelling or a feeling of the kneecap “grinding.”
• Discomfort after sitting with knees bent for a long time
• Difficulty bearing weight or squatting

Diagnosing Runner’s Knee

To diagnose runner’s knee, your doctor will begin with a thorough physical exam, asking questions about your symptoms and activity levels. They’ll check for tenderness around the kneecap, test your range of motion, and assess muscle strength and alignment.

In some cases, imaging tests like X-rays or MRIs may be used to rule out other conditions, such as cartilage damage or fractures. Although blood tests are not typically required, they may be ordered if an infection or inflammatory issue is suspected.

If you’re struggling with persistent knee pain, consult a specialist. JIS Orthopedics offers comprehensive diagnostics and treatment for issues involving the knee joint, helping you get back to pain-free movement.

Treatment Options

The goal of treating runner’s knee is to reduce pain, restore function, and prevent injury recurrence. A typical treatment plan may include the following:

Self-Care and Conservative Treatments

Initially, you could try the following treatments:

• Rest and avoiding activities that worsen symptoms
• Applying an ice pack to reduce swelling
• Keeping the leg elevated
• Using a knee brace for support

Physical Therapy and Exercise

Exercises to help runner’s knee may include the following:

• Stretching exercises to improve flexibility
• Strengthening exercises for thigh muscles and hip stabilizers
• Proper running form coaching

Lifestyle Adjustments

Making the following adjustments may also help runner’s knee:

• Wearing quality running shoes
• Losing weight to lessen stress on the knee joint
• Cross-training to reduce repetitive stress on the knees
• Using custom orthotics for flat feet

In rare cases where conservative treatments fail, surgery may be considered to realign the kneecap or remove damaged cartilage.

Get Help for Runner’s Knee Today

Don’t let runner’s knee keep you from enjoying your favorite activities. Whether you’re a competitive runner or someone who just wants to walk without pain, our specialists at JIS Orthopedics are here to help. 

With personalized care plans and cutting-edge treatments, we’re committed to helping you regain comfort and mobility. Contact our offices in New Albany or St. Clairsville today to start your recovery journey.

Medically reviewed by Dr. Nicholas Walla